Dr. Afonso Sepulveda Santos obtained his medical degree from the University of Lisbon, Portugal. He continued his nephrology training in various European hospitals, including the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, France, and the Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc in Brussels, Belgium, in the outpatient dialysis unit. Since 2023, he has been a nephrologist in Lisbon at the Prof Doutor Fernando Fonseca Hospital and in the Diaverum Sintra hemodialysis unit.